منابع مشابه
From Ewald sphere to Ewald shell in nonlinear optics
Ewald sphere is a simple vector scheme to depict the X-ray Bragg diffraction in a crystal. A similar method, known as the nonlinear Ewald sphere, was employed to illustrate optical frequency conversion processes. We extend the nonlinear Ewald sphere to the Ewald shell construction. With the Ewald shell, a variety of quasi-phase-matching (QPM) effects, such as the collective envelope effect asso...
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where ∑ ~n is the sum over all lattice vectors ~n = (Lxnx, Lyny, Lznz), nx,y,z ∈ N and Lx,y,z are the dimensions of the unit MD cell and ~xij = ~xj − ~xi. The “daggered” (†) summation indicates the exclusion of all pairs i = j inside the original unit MD cell (~n = ~0). Most molecular force fields provide exclusion schemes to exclude additional pairs, e.g., the so-called 1-3 exclusion excludes ...
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Since the late 1980s, financial geographers have argued, against the tenets of mainstream neoclassical economics, that most political economies harbor a growing unevenness in the accessibility of capital, which is due to the increasing consolidation within the financial sector. However, financial geographers have been less strong in offering institutional answers to this state of affairs. To ad...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography
سال: 2011
ISSN: 0108-7673
DOI: 10.1107/s0108767311018526